广东徐闻海域印尼产大珠母贝的生长特性

Growth Characteristics of Pearl Oyster Pinctada Maxiam Seeds with Broodstocks Introduced from Indonesia Cultured in the Xuwen Sea of Zhanjiang

为将印尼产的大珠母贝作为我国海水珍珠养殖的新品种,分别于2010年6月4日、7月20日和10月28日,利用从印度尼西亚引进的大珠母贝作为亲本培育了3批苗种,在广东湛江徐闻承梧海区进行了养殖试验,实验期间水温14～32℃,盐度28.4～36.9。结果表明:除了2010年10月28日出池的第3批苗,养殖11个月,成活率为1.3±0.5%外。经过12个月养殖,第一、二批苗的贝体平均壳高、壳长、体质量和成活率分别为59.56±10.2 mm,60.39±10.5 mm,25.62±6.5 g,10.6%±1.8%和54.84±6.1 mm,55.96±12.4 mm,18.40±6.1 g,25.10%±2.6%。

During the period of June 2010 to September 2011,three batches of pearl oyster Pinctada maxima were obtained with breeder introduced from Indonesia and then cultured in the Chengwu sea area of Xuwen,Zhanjiang City of Guangdong Province.Growth of the three groups was evaluated on the basis of shell height,shell length and total weight measurement at ages.During the experimental period,temperature was 14.0–32.0℃ and salinity of seawater was 28.4–36.9,respectively.Except for the third batch spat of pearl oyster Pinctada maxima,which started to be cultured at low temperature in winter,the survival rate was 1.3%±0.5% after culture for 11months.After culturing in the sea area for 12 months,the mean value of shell height,shell length,body weight and survival rate of the first and second batch spat was 59.56 mm,60.39 mm,25.62 g and 10.6%;54.84 mm,55.96 mm,18.40 g and 25.10%,respectively.The results showed that low temperature in winter had significant effect on the growth rate and survival rate of small oysters of P.maxima.