论不定式分句逻辑主语的构成

On the constitution of the logical subject of the infinitive clauses

不定式分句的逻辑主语比较复杂,分为带主语的不定式分句和不带主语的不定式分句。带主语的不定式分句的逻辑主语可以由不同的介词引导;不带主语的不定式分句的逻辑主语可以在主句中或语境中体现出来,要从表层结构和深层结构分别进行剖析。学好不定式分句的逻辑主语对我们掌握不定式分句的句法功能,正确划分英语句子成分,有效地翻译句子,解释英语中的歧义现象等有很大的帮助。

The logical subject of the infinitive clause is complicated,including the expressed subject and the implied subject.The expressed subject can be realized by different prepositions while the implied subject can be embodied in the main clauses or the contexts,so the logical subject of the infinitive clause should be explained from two aspects： the surface structure and the deep structure.Having a good knowledge of the logical subject of the infinitive clause is of great helpful to master of the infinitive syntactic function,analysis of the clause element,translation of English sentences and explanation of English ambiguity.