森林经营模式评价方法——以甘肃小陇山林区为例

Evaluation Method of Forest Management Models:A Case Study of Xiaolongshan Forest Area in Gansu Province

以原始群落或地带性顶极群落为模板,从反映技术先进性的空间利用程度、物种多样性、建群种竞争态势和树种组成以及体现生产可行性的投入与产出等方面提出森林经营模式有效性评价方法,并应用于甘肃省小陇山林区9种不同经营模式。结果表明：天然林采育择伐是最为有效的森林经营模式;在割灌造林模式中带状割灌造林明显优于全面割灌造林;在人工造林中树种选择以华山松为好,日本落叶松最差。本文提出的经营模式有效性评价方法既能反映技术上的先进性,又能体现生产上的可行性,不失为一种简洁明了的评价经营模式的科学方法。

To evaluate the effectiveness of forest management model, the method which used the structure characteristics of virgin forest or zonal climax community as a template was presented from the technical advancement on the basis of the space utilization, species diversity, constructive species competition,stand composition and the production feasibility on the basis of the input-output production. The method was applied to nine management models of the Xiaolongshan forest area in Gangsu Province, China. The evaluation indicates that the selective cutting of natural arbor forest model （model 4） was the most effective forest management model, and the belt transformation of natural shrubbery model was evidently superior to the overall transformation of natural shrubbery model in transformation of natural shrubbery models. Besides, the Pinus armandii was the best in tree species selection, while the Larix kaempferi was the worst. The evaluation method presented in this study for the effectiveness of forest management model is concise and scientific which can reflect the technical advancement and incarnate the production feasibility at the same time.