猕猴桃种间杂种三倍体形态学和减数分裂观察

OBSERVATIONS ON THE MORPHOLOGY AND MEIOSIS OF INTERSPECIES HYBRID TRIPLOID IN ACTINIDIA

本文报道中华猕猴桃(2n=116)×毛花猕猴桃(2n=58)F_1代形态学和减数分裂观察结果。F_1代植株部分性状同父本(如花色)或母本(如雄蕊数),部分性状居双亲变异范围之间,综合形态特征大致为双亲的中间型。根尖细胞染色体数为87。花粉母细胞减数分裂中期Ⅰ染色体构型为29Ⅱ+29Ⅰ,应为异源三倍体。雌雄株均高度不育。

Observations are reported in present paper on the morphological features and meiosis of the first filial generation (F_1) of Actinidia chinese var. chinese (2n=4x=116)×A. eriantha (2n=2x=58). The hybrid plants are similar to its paternal species in some characters (e. g. flower color) or in some other characters to the materral species (e. g. anther number), while the comprehensive morphological features of the F_1 plants are largely the middle in the interval between the two parent species features. Somatic chromosome number of the hybrid is 2n=3x=87, with two sets coming from A. chinese var. chinese, the other set from A. eriantha. Chromosome configuration at MI of PMC meiosis is 29Ⅱ+29Ⅰ, a typical configuration for a allotriploid. Both male and female plants are highly sterile, therefore the hybrid will be horticulturally unvalued unless some methods of promoting fruit development are available.