婴儿言语自我认知的发生——基于对15名婴儿的追踪观察

The Emergence of Verbal Self-Recognition in Infancy:Based on Tracing Observation of 15 Infants

本研究采用纵向设计方法，对大连市15名婴儿从出生第15个月开始追踪观察至第23个月，每周观察一次，以考察婴儿言语自我认知发生的确切时间和个体差异，及其言语自我认知发生的过程和具体表现。结果表明：（1）婴儿第一次用自己的名字进行自我表述的平均年龄为19．80个月。（2）婴儿言语自我认知的发生存在个体差异。（3）婴儿言语自我认知经历了从使用名字表述自我到使用第一人称表述自我的发展变化过程。

The longitudinal design was adopted in the weekly 9-month observation of 15 toddlers which started when they were 15 month old to evaluate the occurring time of verbal self-recognition and individual differences as well as the occurrence and demonstration of verbal seE-recognition. The results indicated that： （1） the average age for using name for self-expression was 19.80 month; （2） occurrence of verbal seE-recognition showed individual difference; （3） infants＇ verbal self-recognition underwent the change from using name for self-expression to using first pronoun.