微生物调控对牛粪堆肥的生物特性影响

Effects of microbial control on the biological characteristics of cattle manure compost

研究了微生物调控对牛粪堆肥生物特性的影响。结果表明:(1)与对照相比,接菌(添加HM菌剂)处理可使牛粪堆肥提前2d进入高温期,高温持续时间延长2d。即接菌处理的堆肥温度在第4天达到50.5℃,并保持50℃以上的温度14d;而对照在第6天达到50.0℃,并保持50℃以上的温度12d。(2)2种处理堆肥的pH总体呈先升高后降低的趋势,接菌处理的堆肥pH上升幅度不大,比对照低0.1～0.5个pH单位。(3)接菌处理有利于提高牛粪堆肥的纤维素酶、蔗糖酶、脲酶活性水平和峰值。(4)脲酶活性与其他因素之间呈显著负相关(p<0.01),而温度、pH、蔗糖酶活性和纤维素酶活性之间呈显著正相关(p<0.01)。

The static composting experiments,with and without adding microbial agents,were conducted to investigate the effect of microbial control on the biological characteristics of cattle manure compost.The variation of temperature,pH,cellulose enzyme activity,sucrase activities and urease activities during composting was measured.Results showed that the temperature reached 50.5 ℃ at the fourth day for the composting experiments adding microbial agents and high temperatures period（≥50 ℃） maintained 14 days,while the control group（without microbial agents） reached 50.0 ℃ at the sixth day and maintained high temperatures for only 12 days.That means adding microbial agents could shorten the time reaching to high temperature period by 2 days and extend the high temperature period for 2 days.The pH was increased first and then decreased during the composting process,and the microbial agents decreased the pH value by 0.1-0.5 units.Inoculation the microbial agents could improve the level and peak value of cellulase,sucrase,urease activity;urease activities were significantly negative correlated with other factors（p0.01）,and there was significantly positive correlation between temperature,sucrase activity,pH and cellulose activity（p0.01）.