干旱、半干旱黄土区庭院果园节水灌根技术效应研究

STUDY ON THE TECHNIQUE EFFECTS OF WATER-SAVING AND INFILTRATING ROOTS IRRIGATION OF FRUIT TREE IN PEASANTS′ COURTYARD IN ARID AND SEMI-ARID LOESS PLATEAU

Water-saving and infiltrating roots irrigation,which is easy to follow and more economical in practice,such as inserting-tube and irrigating roots\,infiltrating roots irrigation with one or two bottles are new irrigation methods in arid and semi-arid land orchard.The methods can decrease the evaporation of soil moisture,prolong the valid time of supplying water to plant,save irrigation water capaicty,and increase soil water use efficiency on account of making water infiltrate to the soil layer in which the most roots of the fruit tree distribute.The research shows that the consumption of water in a year under infiltrating roots irrigation is 33.33% under traditional point irrigation used in the area.The growth of height,stem diameter,crown diameter,sprouting shoot number and leaf area of two\|year\|old apple tree under infiltrating roots irrigation is 40.93%,34.94%,50.23%,23.06% and 73.19% higher than under natural condition without irrigation.If the technique of covering plastic membrance is adopted simultaneously,the practical result will be more effective.