赛艇运动 上呼吸道感染与唾液溶菌酶的关系

目的 通过监测八周赛艇训练,研究运动训练对唾液溶菌酶的影响,探讨运动、溶菌酶与上呼吸道感染间的关系.方法 以某大学赛艇队15名运动员为研究对象,其中男性8名,女性7名.唾液的采集日期为训练开始后的连续5个训练日（第一周）、第10天（第二周）、第17天（第三周）、第23天（第四周）及第53天（第八周）.结果 训练课后唾液中溶菌酶浓度和分泌率与训练课前相比显著上升（P〈0.05）.在8周集训期间,唾液溶菌酶浓度、分泌率无显著变化.上呼吸道感染患者溶菌酶浓度与分泌率显著低于非患病者（P〈0.05）.Logistic回归分析结果显示,唾液中sIgA浓度〈3.5μg/ml时,患上呼吸道感染的危险度是〉3.5μg/ml时的3.76倍（P〈0.05）.结论 训练课后,唾液溶菌酶水平显著升高;监测唾液溶菌酶水平可能预测上呼吸道感染的发生.

Objective The impact of 8 -week training program by rowers on salivary lysozyme was studied to examine the relationship among the salivary lysozyme, the training and the incidence of upper respiratory tract infections （URTI）. Methods A university rowing team was recruited as subjects, which consisted of 8 male and 7 female rowers. The rowers were followed over 8 week training season, with saliva collected every training day in the first week, one day in the second, third, fourth and the eighth week. Results Taken together each bout of exercise during 8 - week training, lysozyme concentration and secretion rate of post - exercise increased significantly than pre - exercise （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. Over the 8 - week training season, there were no significant differences in the concentration and secretion rate. The lysozyme concentration and the secretion rate of the rowers with URTI were significant lower than that of non - infected ones （P 〈 0. 05 ）. Logistic analysis showed that the risk of URTI with lysozyme concentration below 3.5 μg/ml is 3.76 times significantly higher than above 3：5 μg/ml （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusions Salivary lysozyme level increase significantly after a bout of exercise, and monitoring salivary lysozyme may predict the onset of URTI.