自发秩序与政府驱动——当代中国社会变革的动力分析

Spontaneous Order and Government Actuation:Analyzing the Driving Forces behind the Social Transformation in Contemporary China

社会自发的变革和政府驱动的变革是社会变革的两种基本类型。社会自发的变革重视通过社会公众的自主选择和社会规则的相互竞争推动社会秩序的演进,而政府驱动的变革则强调政府在社会变革中发挥主导性的功能。当代中国的社会变革既是社会力量逐步发展的过程,体现了自发秩序的生成与演变,同时,这种变革又是在政府的主导和推动下展开的,体现出政府驱动的变革特征。因此,当代中国的社会变革体现了这两种力量的结合。从我国的改革历程来看,我国社会变革的成功正是得益于这两种变革力量的相互配合,而我国渐进式的改革路径则为政府驱动和自发秩序的结合提供了现实条件。

The spontaneous transformation and the government actuated transformation are the two fundamental types of the social change. The spontaneous transformation attaches importance to the public’s independent choice and the competition of social rules which promote the evolution of the social order; the government actuated transformation stresses government’s leading role in social transformation. The social transformation of contemporary China is not only a process in which the social strength develops gradually, embodying the formation and evolution of the spontaneous order, but also a process characterized by government actuation. Therefore, the social transformation of contemporary China has manifested the union of the two forces. Viewed from the course of our country’s reform, the key to the successful social transformation in China lies in the coordination between the two driving forces. The step-by-step reform in our country has created favorable conditions for the combination of the government actuation and the spontaneous order.