胡塞尔与心理学的现象学道路

Edmund Husserl and Phenomenological Path for Psychology

胡塞尔据以构想现象学的背景之一,是他那个时代的心理学的发展,因而必须在与心理学的最紧密的相互关系中,才能全面把握他的现象学,进而理解其心理学意义。在现象学的思想空间中,隐含着一种系统化的关于心理学的理解方式;以理论的形式追求这种理解方式的实现,就是心理学的现象学道路。只有在心理学的现象学道路与它的科学主义道路相对峙的关系的整体中,才能完整地理解心理学的历史,并获得关于心理学按其本性必然是什么的洞察,从而有助于推动真正科学的心理学的实现。

Husserl developed his phenomenology with the advancement of psychology of his time as one of the key background factors. We must keep this in mind to get a true understanding of his phenomenology and its significance to psychology. Phenomenology per se, so to speak, is not Husserl’s personal possession, but rather an immanent dimension of human existence. It is argued that only when psychology is viewed against the tension between these two approaches can we get, on the one hand, a comprehensive understanding of the history of psychology and, on the other hand, a faithful insight of what psychology must be. This insight will no doubt be helpful for promoting psychology to become a science in its true sense.