区分扩张解释与类推适用的路径新探

A New Approach of Distinguishing Extensive Interpretation from Analogical Interpretation

如何区分扩张解释与类推解释,是贯彻罪刑法定原则的客观需要。本文主张以"刑法正文"———"体系化的文义",作为区分扩张解释与类推适用的标准。在刑法正文范围内揭示需要解释事项的体系化文义的,是解释;反之,是类推。与"字面含义"、"真实含义"、"通常含义"、"可能具有的含义"等概念不同的是,"刑法正文"是一个结构性概念,表现为从"点"到"面"再到法律体系之整"体",它首先着眼于某一个具体的刑法分则条文,并进一步地关注与这一分则条文具有密切联系的若干个分则条文,然后是刑法分则以至整部刑法,乃至于整个法律体系范围内,发现待解释事项的"体系化的文义"。

It is the objective requirement of implementing the principle of legality to make a distinction between extensive interpretation and analogical interpretation. The real text of criminal law-the systematic literary content,should be treated as the standard of the distinction of extensive interpretation and analogical interpretation.It is an interpretation to disclose the systematic literary content within the real context of criminal law,if not,it would be an analogy.Compared to the concepts of 'literary meaning','real meaning','general meaning' and 'possible meaning',the real context of criminal law is a constructive concept,showing a way from point to aspect,and then to the whole body of the law system.It firstly starts from an article of specific part of criminal law,and considers other provisions relating to this article,and then the specific part of criminal law and whole criminal code,and ultimately connects the whole law system to find the systematic literary content.