气候变化适应性问题对我国环境法律的挑战

Challenges to China's Environmental Laws Posed by Adaptation to Climate Change

以温室气体减排为主要立足点的气候变化问题在国内外已经引起了广泛而热烈的关注,相比之下,气候变化对环境的影响还未被给予足够的关注,更不用谈气候变化适应性对环境法律的影响和挑战。我国气候变化的相关法律政策是以减缓为导向的,有关适应气候变化的法律法规还很少。气候变化的不确定性、不可避免性、不可逆转性和空间时间上的广泛性,对环境政策与法律的假定基础、环境法律目的和现行环境管理体制等都带来了全新的挑战。当务之急在于弄清气候变化与传统环境问题的本质区别,气候变化问题纳入现行环境法律的可行性等。

Climate change issue concerning reduction of the greenhouse gas emission has drawn great attention throughout the world. By contrast, the impact on environment posed by climate change is not paid enough attention, not alone mentioning the impact of adaptation to climate change on the environmental law. The law related to climate change in China is mitigation-oriented, and there are few relevant laws and regulations on adaptation to climate change. The uncertainty, inevitability, irreversibility and universality of climate change bring new challenges to the assumption basis of environmental policy and laws, goals of environmental laws and existing environmental management system. What＇s most urgent is to find out the essential difference between climate change and traditional environmental issues and the feasibility of bringing climate change issues into existing environmental laws.