分配理论的比较分析:一种新综合

Theoretical Comparison on Theories of Distribution:A New Synthesis

分配理论历来是经济学中纷争最激烈的领域,这种情况常常使得人们认为不同的分配理论似乎具有根本的思想冲突,从而是完全不可调和的。然而,对理论史及其当代演变的比较分析表明,这种认识是不正确的。经济理论的多元化本是经济现实的复杂多样性的反映,不同的分配理论不过是不同学派对于社会分配过程的不同侧面加以重点考察的结果。因此,除非已经被明确地证伪,否则每一种分配理论对于解释现实分配过程的某一侧面都将是不可或缺的。这意味着,它们之间主要存在的并不是通常所认为的那种"彼此不可调和"的替代关系,而是一种体现某种程度"理论分工"的互补关系。这种互补关系,也为政府的各种政策提供了可供选择的广泛理论参考。

The theoretical debates in the field of theory of income distribution were so fierce that nearly all people always believed that there would not any compatible possibility for various theories of distribution. However, this understanding is not right. Through a comprehensive analysis, this article clarify that the diversity of theories of distribution is just the mirror of the complex real world, and every existent doctrine will be helpful for us to understand some aspects of actual distribution process, so contrary to the usual viewpoint above, there is really a complementary （or ＂the theoretical division＂） relation among different theories of distribution, and all of them can be integrated into a new synthetic or compatible system, which can offer a complete theoretical supporting for government policies.