明清方言副词探源二则

The Origins of Two Dialect Adverbs in the Ming and the Qing Dynasties

方言副词"多分"产生于元代,并一直沿用至现代吴语里。它是由处于状语位置上表大体义的名词"多分"逐渐虚化而成的。方言副词"难说"产生于明代,在现代吴语和江淮官话里仍有使用。它的形成,是同义副词"难道"类化的结果。

The dialect adverb Duofen（多分） arose in the Yuan Dynasty and is still used in modern Wu dialect.It takes form by the gradual grammaticalization of the noun Duofen which means general in the location of adverbial modifier.The dialect adverb Nanshuo（难说） arose in the Ming Dynasty and is still used in modern Wu dialect and JAC Mandarin.It was the result of the generalization of the synonymous adverb Nandao（难道）.