康有为的孔学与西学比较

Kang Youwei's Comparison of Confucian Thought and Western Science

在对孔学与西学关系的认定中,康有为始终强调二者之间的相合、相通:第一,在宣传西学时,将之与孔子的思想相提并论;第二,在对孔学与西学相合的论证中,康有为提及了颜回、子思、荀子和董仲舒等众多孔学人物,其中以孟子为主;第三,自由、平等和民主思想不是西方的舶来品,而是孔子思想的题中应有之义;第四,孔子的思想在西方大行其道,影响遍及诸多领域。总之,康有为对孔学与西学关系的认定与其孔教观息息相通,通过将孔子塑造成托古改制的祖师爷,借助孔子的权威推行变法维新。

In identifying the relationship between Confucian Thought and Western Science, Kang Youwei attached much importance to their communication and combination. Firstly, he disseminated Western Science and compared it to Confucian Thought. Secondly, in expounding on their combination, he referred to some representative figures such as Yah Hui, Zisi, Xunzi and Dong Zhongshu, especially Mencius. Thirdly, he argued that freedom, equality and democracy were not something exotic intro- duced from the West but something embodied in Confucian Thought. Fourthly, Confucian Thought found broad application in the West and influenced a wide range of areas. In short, Kang Youwei pushed forward the reform movement by authority of Confucius, making Confucius the originator of the movement.