基于模型集成的北京湿地价值评价系统设计与实现

The design and implementation of wetland evaluation system of Beijing based on models

湿地价值评价让公众和管理者很直观了解湿地功能及价值大小,对于湿地保护宣传和湿地管理都有着重要的意义。本文在北京湿地的大气调节、气候调节、蓄水调洪、水质净化、地下水补给、控制土壤侵蚀、生物多样性、滞尘、生物产品、水源供给、文化遗产和旅游休憩等12项价值评价方法研究基础上,利用ArcGIS Model Builder等多种建模方式,构建了12项湿地价值评价模型,并基于ArcGIS Engine二次开发组件,在.NET环境下设计和实现了北京湿地价值评价系统。结果表明:(1)先建立模型及工具集,然后进行统一封装和调用,最后开发应用系统,这种湿地价值评价系统设计与开发方式快速简单、容易实现、而且稳定可靠;(2)该系统可以有效管理湿地资源数据,方便快捷地完成湿地资源各项功能价值评价和综合价值测算,快速获得北京湿地的各个湿地斑块、各种类型湿地、各行政区县和任何统计单元的湿地单项功能价值和综合功能价值量,还可以快速编制湿地价值空间图和统计报表;(3)该系统为湿地价值评价提供了一种自动化、流程化、标准化的测量方法,具有一定的推广潜力。

The research on the evaluation of wetlands can show the function and value of wetlands clearly to the people and governors,which is of great significance to the protection and management of wetlands.This paper studied the valuation methods of wetland functions,such as air regulation,climate regulation,water storage and flood control,water purification,groundwater recharge,erosion control,biodiversity maintenance,dust uptake,product output,culture heritage and recreation.On the basis of these valuation methods,we built 12 wetland valuation models via ArcGIS Model Builder and other modeling tools,and then designed and implemented the Beijing wetlands evaluation system.The system was built on the basis of the Microsoft.NET environment,using ArcGIS Engine component. Some conclusions can be drawn as follows.（1） We established a model and tool set first,then packaged them to a unified module,and finally developed the application systems.This method for the design and development of the wetland value assessment system is simple,easy to use,and can provide reliable results.（2） The system can manage the data of wetland resources effectively,calculate each value of each function and the comprehensive value of the wetland resources quickly and easily,acquire the value of each wetland patch,each wetland type and any statistical unit of Beijing wetlands,and it can also compile wetland value maps and give statistical reports.（3） The wetland evaluation system provides an automated,streamlined,standardized measurement method,which is potential for replication.