黄土高原农业高效调水关键技术研究

Study on Key Techniques of Agriculture Irrigation Water with High Efficient Using in Loss Plateau

黄土高原地区水资源严重不足 ,大部分地方的降雨量为 2 50～ 60 0mm ,地表水平均径流量为 1 36 .91亿m3 ,人均 484.58m3 ,仅为全国人均的 1 3。自然降水年际变率大 ,季节分布不匀 ,干旱灾害频繁 ,水资源缺乏 ,已成为制约农业和农业经济发展的限制因子 ,同时黄土高原地形复杂 ,沟壑纵横 ,土地贫瘠 ,风蚀、水蚀和沙化严重 ,农业生产不稳定 ,社会经济发展滞后 ,使水资源问题突出。根据上述情况 ,文章重点分析了黄土高原地区几种调水方式和增产途径 。

Water resources are serially short in loss plateau, droughts and disasters are becoming limit factors of agricultural economy development. The terrain is complex, and the soils are been eroding and deserting. This paper analyses several measures of water delivering and raising output in the area.