烟幕对红外热像仪遮蔽效果的定量表征

Quantitative evaluation of obscuring effect of smoke to infrared thermal imaging system

红外成像探测、侦察与制导技术在现代战争中地位显著。为定量表征发烟剂和发烟装备形成的烟幕对红外热像仪的遮蔽效果,详细论述了各种表征参数的测试过程及计算方法。消光系数和总遮蔽力均是评价烟幕遮蔽性能的特征参数,在烟幕箱实验条件下,烟幕粒子容易实现均匀分布,测得的消光系数和总遮蔽力较为准确,所以二者可作为定量表征参数,它们是实验室筛选发烟剂的依据;在野外实验条件下,烟幕粒子的运动状态受气象条件影响很大,很难直接测量消光系数和总遮蔽力,但可将透过率、有效遮蔽时间等作为烟幕对红外热像仪遮蔽效果的定量表征参数。

The technology about detection,reconnaissance,and guidance of IR imaging occupies an important position in modern war.In order to quantitatively evaluate the obscuring effect of smoke agent and smoke equipment to IR imaging system,the test process and calculation method of some characteristic parameters were discussed in detail.Both the mass extinction coefficient（α） and the total obscuring capability（TOP） were characteristic parameters to evaluate the obscuring performance of smoke.And their comparatively accurate test results could be got in the smoke chamber where distribution of smoke particles was easily uniform.So the smoke agent could be selected on the basis of the mass extinction coefficient and the total obscuring capability.Nevertheless,in the field experiment,the motion state of smoke particles was strongly affected by meteorological factors.Then it was very difficult for α and TOP to be directly measured.So the obscuring efficiency of smoke agent and smoke equipment to IR imaging system had best be quantitatively characterized by other parameters,such as the transmissivity and the effective obscuring time.