距离选通技术在三维成像激光雷达中的应用研究

Application of range-gated technology in the three-dimensional imaging laser radar

距离选通技术在三维成像激光雷达中有着重要应用,是一种解决水下微光成像和抑制后向散射问题的简单有效方法之一。文中概述了距离选通技术的原理和应用范围,根据实时成像的需求,提出了一种实时距离选通成像系统的设计方案,该方案只需要一次成像就可以完成距离选通成像并求解出目标距离。根据质心法求解距离的原理,详细推导了成像系统的距离像和距离精度,并用仿真软件仿真分析了该系统距离像的距离精度和目标距离、时间切片数量、信噪比之间的关系。仿真结果表明:距离精度受系统信噪比的影响很大,当信噪比大于2 000时,测距精度优于0.2 m。

Range-gated technology,which plays a very important role in the three-dimensional imaging laser radar,is one of simple and effective method to solve the underwater low light level imaging and inhibit backscattering.The principle and application areas of range-gating technology were outlined in this article.Then,according to the demand for real-time imaging,a real-time range-gated imaging system was presented.This system could complete range-gated imaging and solve the target distance just with an imaging picture.By use of the centroid method,the detail of detection range was derived from the imaging system,and the relations between range accuracy and target distance,slice number,signal to noise ratio（SNR） were analyzed.The results of simulation analysis show that the system distance accuracy is greatly influenced by the SNR of the imaging system,and it can achieve better than 0.2 m range accuracy with the SNR greater than 2 000.