玉米遮荫胁迫研究进展

Research Progress on Corn Shading Stress

遮荫是对玉米生长期间持续阴天寡照的一种模拟,可明显改变玉米的生长环境,限制营养器官和生殖器官发育。遮荫造成叶片出生速度延缓,比叶面积增加,光合性能变差,光合生产能力降低,使雌穗数目减少,雄花退化,雌雄间隔期拉长,结实性下降甚至出现空株。根据近年来国内外玉米遮荫的研究成果,分析遮荫胁迫对玉米形态、生长发育、光合作用、生理特性及产量的影响,探讨玉米遮荫研究方面存在的问题及今后的研究方向。

Shading is a simulation of continuous overcast weather and low light level during corn growth period,which can significantly change growth environment and limit the development of vegetative and productive organs.Shading could delay the speed of leaf growth and decrease photosynthetic capacity.Meanwhile,female spike numbers decreased,male flowers degenerated,the interval from anthesis to silking prolonged,and fecundity decreased even without seeds.According to the research results of shading at home and abroad,this review outlined effects of shading on the corn growth,morphology,photosynthesis,physiological characteristics and yield,and discussed the problems existing in the study of shading.