自然和意义——论麦克道威尔“第二自然的自然主义”

Nature and Meaning——On McDowell's Naturalism of Second Nature

自然主义是现代哲学的基本范式之一,这一范式的普适性受到心灵哲学的挑战。当自然主义用经验方法对心灵进行"自然化"的过程中,产生了严重的理论困难:在基于经验和因果关系解释的自然内,意义和价值变得无容身之处,同时使得理性与自然陷入紧张的分裂关系。麦克道威尔的"第二自然的自然主义"意在通过一种独特的自发性概念对自然进行全新的诠释,在捍卫知识客观性的同时恢复自然和意义的内在联系。

Naturalism is one basic paradigm of modern philosophy,it＇s universality was challenged by philosophy of mind.When naturalism naturalized mind by empirical method,it has produced serious theoretical difficulties： If we interpret nature based on experience and causation,then meaning and value has no room to reside in nature,and at the same time,it has bring reason and nature into serious divorce.McDowell＇s naturalism of second nature give a brand-new interpretation to nature by a particular notion of spontaneity,it has defended the objectivity of knowledge,and at the same time,it resumed the inner ralationship between nature and meaning.