药师在医院核辐射和放射事故应急准备与响应工作中的作用

The Role of Pharmacists in Emergency Preparation and Response in Hospital for Nuclear Radiation and Radiation Accident

目的:探讨药师在医院核辐射和放射事故应急准备与响应工作中的作用,以期为相关应急工作的开展提供参考。方法:根据国内、外相关参考资料,结合我院的实际工作情况,从药品储备、药品使用和放射病诊治中的临床药学3个方面对药师在医院核辐射和放射事故应急准备与响应工作中的作用进行分析。结果与结论:药品储备方面,药师可通过制定核辐射和放射事故应急药品目录、紧急状况下配制急需制剂和妥善贮存药品等途径发挥作用;药品使用方面,药师可通过在发生核辐射和放射事故时承担药品的发放与管理、对伤员进行用药指导等途径发挥作用;放射病诊治中的临床药学方面,临床药师应尽量选用同类药品中对肝、肺、肾等具有保护作用且毒副作用最小的品种,且以便于使用或局部给药为佳,同时密切关注治疗效果及不良反应。药师在医院核辐射和放射事故应急准备与响应工作中能够发挥重要作用。

OBJECTIVE：To discuss the role of pharmacists in emergency preparation and response in hospital for nuclear radiation and radiation accident and to provide reference for the development of related emergency.METHODS：According to foreign and domestic materials,the role of pharmacists in emergency preparation and response in hospital for nuclear radiation and radiation accident was analyzed in respect of drug storage,drug utilization and diagnosis and treatment of radiation syndrome on the basis of practice in our hospital.RESULTS CONCLUSIONS：In drug storage,pharmacists can play their roles by formulating drugs list reserved for nuclear radiation and radiation accident,preparing emergency preparation and storing drugs.In drug utilization,pharmacists can play their roles by being in charge of drug distribution and management,providing medication guideline,etc.In clinical pharmacy of radiation sickness prevention and treatment,clinical pharmacists should choose those drugs which can protect liver,lung and kidney with little toxic effect so as to obtain optimal effect and pay close attention to therapeutic efficacy and adverse drug reaction.Pharmacists can play an important role in emergency preparation and response in hospital for nuclear and radiological.