沙坡头生物结皮中微生物多样性初探

Soil Microorganism Diversity in Biological Crust in Shapotou

以沙坡头生物结皮(BSC)为研究对象,采用Biolog鉴定系统,通过碳源利用分析、功能多样性分析和聚类分析,对BSC微生物的多样性进行了研究。结果表明:BSC微生物群落代谢的平均颜色变化率(AWCD)在培养初期(0～24h)值很小处于适应期,中后期(24～168 h)AWCD值逐渐增强处于指数期,可能由于监测时间不是足够长,所以稳定期和衰亡期表现得不明显;BSC微生物能够利用羧酸类、聚合物类、碳水化合物类、酚类化合物类、氨基酸类和胺类6类碳源,其中对羧酸类碳源的利用率最高,对胺类碳源的利用率最低;BSC中微生物群落多样性指数为3.99,微生物群落均匀度指数为1.44;指纹聚类分析表明,当聚合水平>8.6时,BSC微生物可分为6类。研究表明,Biolog技术能够简便、快速、有效地反映BSC中的微生物活性及其变化情况。

The paper studied microbial diversity of biological soil crust(BSC) by taking Shapotou BSC as a study object,using identification system of Biolog,through the analysis of carbon source utilization,functional diversity and cluster.The outcomes show that: a) the average well color development(AWCD) rate of BSC microbial community metabolic is small in the first 24-hour culture,which is the adjustment phase.Then it gradually increases during 24~168-hour culture,which is the exponential phase.Probably due to the limited observation time,the stable phase and decline phase are not obvious;b) the BSC microorganisms are able to utilize six classes of carbon sources,such as carboxylic acid,polymer type,carbohydrate,phenolic compounds,amino acids and amines,in which the utilization rate of carbon source of carboxylic acid is the highest and that of amines is the lowest;c) the BSC microbial community diversity index is 3.99 and the evenness index is 1.44 and;d) the BSC microorganisms can be divided into six categories based on fingerprint cluster analysis,when the aggregate level > 8.6.The research shows that Biolog technique is simple,fast and effective for reflecting the BSC microbial activity and the variations.