本区中学中年女教师的心理压力成因调查与预防

Discussed and prevented the middle school middle-aged female teachers of mental stress causes in our district

目的调查本区中学中年女教师目前的心理健康状况,以探讨心理压力的成因,找出预防的方法。方法采用SCL-90自评量表和自制的问卷调查表对本区内的6所中学的850名中学女教师进行调查。其中,年龄40岁以上350名,设为中年组;40岁以下500名,设为年轻组。结果中学女教师的心理健康水平在强迫症状、焦虑、恐怖性和精神症状上与全国成人常模比较差异具有高度统计学意义(P<0.01)。在心理压力水平高的女教师中,中年女教师在身体状况、夫妻感情、子女教育方面的压力明显大于年轻女教师(P<0.01)。80%以上女教师认为心理压力过大与目前的应试教育有关。结论中学女教师的心理压力水平普遍偏高,其中,中年女教师在身体状况、夫妻感情、子女教育方面的压力更大。因此,提高中学女教师特别是中年女教师的心理健康水平,缓解中年女教师的心理危机刻不容缓。

Objective To investigated the mental health of middle school middle-aged female teachers, to explore the causes of mental stress, in order to found a prevention methods. Methods Investigated 850 cases middle school female teachers from six middle school in our district by adopted SCL-90 and self-made questionnaire survey. 350 cases teachers whose age more than 40 years old to as the middle age groups, 500 cases teachers whose age under 40 years old to as the young groups. Results The level of the mental health of middle school female teachers was significantly different from that of the norm population in obsessive compulsive disorder, anxiety, terrorist and mental symptoms （P 0.01）. In female teachers whose mental stress level was high, middle-aged female teachers pressure was significantly greater than young female teachers in the condition of body, couples, children education aspects （P 0.01）. More than 80% female teachers thought high mental stress was relevant to current exam-oriented education. Conclusion Middle school female teachers mental stress level is higher, among the middle-aged female teachers have bore more pressure in the condition of body, couples, children education aspects. Thus, improving the middle school female teachers especially middle-aged female teachers mental stress level, relieves middle-aged female teachers mental crisis is urgently needed.