基于遥感和GIS技术的墨西哥湾溢油动态分析

Dynamic analysis on oil spill in Mexico Bay based on remote sensing and GIS

利用多时相的遥感影像数据和地理信息系统(GIS)的空间分析功能,对2010年发生在墨西哥湾的溢油事故进行了动态监测,并结合洋流等信息对溢油漂移趋势进行了预测。结果显示,至2010年5月1日溢油面积已达到4月25日的4倍,并且溢油漂移趋势受到洋流的作用,漂移方向与洋流方向一致。研究表明,至5月1日对溢油处理与漏油处封堵的努力效果甚微,油污面积有继续扩大趋势,油污漂移方向与洋流具有较强相关性。该研究验证了光学遥感图像可以很好地对溢油事故造成的溢油范围进行监测,结合GIS的空间分析功能和洋流等信息可对溢油面积和溢油漂移趋势进行监测与分析,从而为溢油控制与清理提供重要参考信息。

The oil spill occurred in Mexico Bay was monitored based on a series of remote sensing images and Geographical Information System（GIS） techniques.The result showed that the area of the oil slicks was four times of that in the first day（April 25） to May 1,and the drifting direction of the oil slicks was the same as the current.The studies indicated that effort of the oil cleaning and the sealing of the leak almost achieved no effect,and the drifting way of the oil had a correlation with current.The studies verified the capacity of remote sensing and GIS in monitoring of the oil spills.Combined with the current data,the remote sensing and GIS techniques could be used to predict the drifting trend,which were very helpful in cleaning and controlling the oil slicks.