海洋中浮游植物竞争与演替的影响因素——他感作用概述

Influencing factors of competition and succession in marine algae——Overview of allelopathy

赤潮的爆发和演替受多种复杂因素的共同作用,其中种间竞争对于赤潮优势种的形成及演替有重要影响。浮游植物的种间竞争可以通过多种方式来进行,例如依靠有利的生理特性、混合营养、黏结作用及他感作用等。浮游植物的他感作用是影响赤潮藻类竞争与演替的重要因素,它可以通过影响共存藻生长及浮游动物摄食而使自身获得竞争优势。营养盐限制会促进浮游植物他感物质的产生和释放,另外他感物质的降解、藻类的生长阶段、他感藻与目标藻的种类等也会影响他感效应的作用程度,本文对他感作用的主要影响因素进行了分析和总结。总体来讲,在研究赤潮演替原因和机制的过程中,浮游植物的他感作用是一个重要的考虑因素。

The outbreak and successions of blooms attribute to several factors,and the inter-specific competition plays an important role.The interactions between marine algae could be carried out by lots of ways,for example,depending on the advantaged physiological characteristics,mixotrophy,stickiness,allelopathy and so on.The effect of phytoplankton allelopathic is an important factor to influence the species competition and succession,which can make the species to achieve the dominance because of reducing of the growth of other algae and the feeding of zooplankton.Limiting nutrient conditions could stimulate the production and release of allelochemicals.In addition,the degradation of chemical compounds,algal growth phase and the species of organisms could yet induce effect on the degree of allelopathy.It can be concluded that the phytoplankton allelopathy is an important factor during the study of the mechanism of controlling the bloom successions.