尼采“日神-酒神说”探微

A tentative study of Apollo and Dionysus by Nietzsche

尼采认为,悲剧的神韵在于"权力意志"的客观化以及由其客观化而形成的融日神因素与酒神因素为一体的个别形象的毁灭和由此而唤起的本原生命的回归。如果说"日神-酒神说"的底蕴乃是戴着日神面具歌唱的酒神式咏叹,那么尼采代酒神立言的哲学行动就是披着黑格尔外衣舞蹈的叔本华式狂欢。直面以生命的委颓为主要精神表征的西方近现代文化危机,尼采试图在黑格尔与叔本华的运思张力下寻索生命自救的蹊径。但是,尼采所期待的"权力意志"从一开始就被他拔除了善的根荄,缘此,他那单纯地张扬生命强力的"权力意志"终竟因着缺少"境界"之光的烛照而使人自陷于"命运"的罗网却无从使人获得终极的拯救。

Nietzsche claims that tragedy lies in the will to power which blends Apollo and Dionysus, the two gods in masks, or Shopenhauer carnival in Hegel appearance. Nietzsche attempts to use Hegel and Shopenhauer to approach the life rescue, thus facing directly the decay of life that is expressed in the mod- ern cultural crisis in the west. However, all virtues are deprived from the very beginning in the will to power, so that no one can be ultimately saved from the destiny.