湖北东部雷暴大风雷达回波特征分析

Radar echo characteristics analysis for thunderstorm gale in eastern Hubei Province

通过对2003—2009年湖北省东部26个雷暴大风过程的雷达、地面、高空、NCEP6h再分析场等资料的研究,依据雷达回波形态特征,将造成雷暴大风的雷达回波分为3种类型,即单体型、弓状型和飑线型。统计分析了每种类型雷达回波强度、回波顶高、垂直液态含水量、中层辐合特征、入流急流、中气旋及环境场条件等特征,研究了这3种雷暴大风天气的雷达回波生命史演变规律,并建立了其雷达回波概念模型。分析表明,单体型雷暴大风提前预警难度较大,但对弓状型和飑线型雷暴大风多数可以提前30min左右做出预警。

Using the radar data, surface data and upper air data and NCEP （6-hr interval） reanalysis data on 26 cases of thunderstorm from 2003 to 2009 in eastern Hubei Province, the radar echoes caused thunderstorm gale are divided to three types, namely single-cell thunderstorm, bow thunderstorm and squall-line thunderstorm according to the morphology features of radar echoes. This paper statistically analyses the characteristics of radar base reflectivity, echo tops, vertical integrated liquid, mid-altitude radial convergence,inflow jet, mesocyclone and atmospheric conditions of the three types, and establishes the three radar echo conceptual models based on the evolution of radar echoes caused thunderstorm gale. Results show that the bow thunderstorm and squall line thunderstorm can be warned about 30 min in advance ,but it is difficulty to advance the warning of single-cell thunderstorm.