历史唯物主义重建之下的民主观念

On the Concept of Democracy under Reconstructing Historical Materialism

伍德把民主视为超越资本主义的一种力量。她虽然肯定在资本主义条件下,政治民主有所发展,但更为根本的是,经济并不是民主的,而是充满压迫与强制的。因此,民主的发展,必然要超出资本主义社会。为此,她对历史唯物主义的一些基本范畴进行了重新思考,包括经济"基础"与上层建筑的关系。她不同意把经济与政治视为截然分离的两个领域,而是把资本主义社会所特有的这种分离视为资本主义本身政治功能的分化。伍德的民主理论,是力图从马克思主义视角来回应当代资本主义的民主理论,与所谓的后马克思主义有着重大的差别。

Wood regarded democracy as a force beyond capitalism.Wood believed that capitalist achievements mainly represent in economy instead of in democracy and the economic progress is often following oppression and coercion,therefore,democracy is bound to go beyond capitalism although she admitted political democracy made a little progress under the conditions of capitalism.As a result,she rethought some basic concepts of historical materialism,including the relationship between economic base and superstructure.Against the point that regards economy and politics as the two separated areas,she thought this peculiar capitalist separation as a differentiation of capitalist politics itself.Having a major difference with the so-called post-Marxism,Wood＇s democratic theory attempted to respond to contemporary capitalist democratic theory by Marxist theory.