试论塞西尔·罗得斯与南部非洲政治格局的形成

On the Relations between Cecil Rhodes and the Construction of Political Pattern in Southern Africa

塞西尔·罗得斯是19世纪中后期在南部非洲疯狂推行殖民扩张政策的英国殖民主义代表人物之一,其殖民行径在客观上对于南部非洲政治格局和政治版图的形成具有一定影响。在南非联邦的建立问题上,他提出通过加强与布尔人的经济关系和交通联系,以及向布尔人让渡部分权力的办法,换取布尔人的支持,用和平、渐进的新路径推动了两个白人民族和解和南非联邦的建立。另外,罗得斯及其领导下的英国南非公司的殖民行为还推动了津巴布韦和赞比亚两国政治地理版图的形成,并引进比较科学的行政管理模式,从而在客观上对当地无意识地起到了一些"建设性"的作用。但这全然不能掩饰殖民主义在人类文明史上的罪恶和破坏作用的本质。

Cecil Rhodes was one of the main planners and actors who carried out the policy of colonial expansion in Southern Africa for the interests of England in late 19th century.Objectively,his colonial activities had certain influence on the formation of political pattern in Southern Africa.He believed that Britain could reconcile the British with the Boer and establish the Union of South Africa peacefully by strengthening the economic relations and transport links with the Boer,and transferring some powers to the Boer in exchange for their support.Moreover,Rhodes and his British South Africa Company still promoted the formation of Zimbabwe＇s and Zambia＇s political and geographical domain,and introduced scientific and modern administrative management system to the region.But all this can not cover the nature of evil and destruction of colonialism,which is carved in the history of human civilization.