干扰素的信号传导和抗病毒效应机制

Signal Transduction and Mechanisms of Antiviral Effect of Interferon

干扰素是一种具有抗病毒、抗增殖和免疫调节功能的细胞因子,它在宿主天然免疫防御中起着重要的作用。干扰素诱导的信号通路除了最初的Jak-Stat途径以外,很多新发现的信号途径对于干扰素反应也是必需的。干扰素反应最终导致抗病毒的效应蛋白通路,包括2′,5′-寡聚腺苷酸合成酶、蛋白激酶、ISG15等途径。这些效应蛋白通过抑制病毒转录、降解病毒RNA、抑制翻译和修饰蛋白的功能来控制病毒复制的过程。

Interferons（IFN） are cytokines that have antiviral,antiproliferative and immunomodulatory effects,and play important roles on host innate defense.The identified Jak-Stat pathway and other signaling pathways are nessesary in the generation of signals for both typeⅠ and typeⅡ interferons.The best-characterized IFN-inducible components of the antiviral response are 2′-5′OAS,PKR and ISG15.These antiviral pathways individually block viral transcription,degrade viral RNA,inhibit translation and modify protein function to control all steps of viral replication.