电煤市场中买方市场集中度对均衡价格的影响分析

Influence on the Equilibrium Price of Coal for Power Generation by the Buyer's Market Concentration Rate

几乎所有的文献都从"市场煤"与"计划电"的体制矛盾入手分析电煤价格持续上涨及发电企业经营困难的主要原因与相关对策。作者认为,在近年来电煤市场供求总量基本平衡的前提下,电煤市场价格持续大幅度上涨与发电企业买方市场集中度有关。本文运用讨价还价模型,分析了买方市场集中度变化即改单一发电企业购煤为发电集团公司统一购煤甚至多家发电集团公司统一购煤对电煤均衡价格的影响。结果表明:提高买方市场集中度能有效降低电煤市场均衡价格。

The continuously-rising price of coal tor power generation and its negative influence on financial status of power companies is always attributed to the institutional contradiction between ＂marketed coal＂ and ＂planned electricity＂ by almost all of the reference papers. We believe the essential cause is originated from buyer＇s market concentration rate in the coal market on the basis of more or less balance of supply and demand of the coal in recent years. The paper analyzed the changes of equilibrium price vary with the adjustment of the buyer＇s market concentration rate from one power company alone to power company group unitarily even more power company groups together with the bargaining model. The conclusion indicates that buyer＇s market concentration fate＇s enhancement can effectively reduce the equilibrium price of coal.