基于生态网络分析的南京主城区重要生态斑块识别

Recognition of important ecological nodes based on ecological networks analysis: A case study of urban district of Nanjing

在城市化程度较高,用地极为紧张的大都市,识别重要的生态斑块对其进行保留和修复不仅对控制大城市的城市过度扩张、提升城市品质、优化人居环境具有重要意义,也具有较强可操作性。以南京市主城区为例,在GIS技术的支撑下,(1)将景观阻力分析和网络分析相结合,定量表征研究区的潜在生态廊道,构建生态网络,寻找生态节点;(2)对城市中生态斑块的特殊服务功能进行分析,筛选出具备河流生态防护、隔离工业污染和居民休闲功能的生态斑块;(3)对生态斑块的规模进行分析,提取面积较大的斑块。综合分析后识别出7个重要的节点斑块,建议对其进行立法保护和修复,划定为永久绿地或永久生态空间,并对其建设方向提出意见。

In metropolises with high urbanization and being squeezed by a shortage of land available for urban development,it is of great significance to recognize important ecological nodes to designate as protected areas for controlling urban sprawl,and enhancing urban quality of life.In this study,ecological networks analysis has been designed,developed and tested with GIS technique for recognition of important ecological nodes.This paper applies this method to a model of urban district of Nanjing.The procedure was described as follows：（1） the potential ecological networks and ecological nodes were recognized using landscape resistance analysis and network analysis;（2） next,the ecological patches with high special service functions,such as those can protect rivers,provide recreational space,and mitigate industrial pollution,along the recognized potential ecological networks or around ecological nodes were screened;（3） finnaly,the ecological patches with high special service functions greater than a certain size were selected.The results showed that 7 important eco-patches were recommended to designate as permanent green space by law.Furthermore,some suggestion were given to guide the protection of the 7 important eco-patches in the correct direction.