美国CTE教师教育发展概览

Career and Technical Teacher Education in the United States of America

美国的生涯与技术(CTE)教师教育发端于公立职业教育的发展和教师教育的发展。在美国CTE开展的近85年的历史长河之中,形成了教师教育的双重系统。即有两条途径可以获得CTE教师资格证和初期执教资格:(1)传统的在大学或学院接受职前教师教育;(2)进入教学领域的非传统通道,有多种多样的形式和途径。与此同时,美国对于CTE教师资格认证也建立了严格的标准,并在教师发展和教学条件等方面正在做积极探索,这些经验都值得我们借鉴。

Career and technical education in the US draws its roots primarily from the growth and development of publicly funded vocational education and teacher education.Through the nearly of 85-year history of CTE in the US,there has been a two-tier system of preparing teachers.There are two pathway for CTE teachers in the US to acquire certification and obtain an initial license to teach：（1） traditional pre-service teacher education at a college or university;（2） an alternative route that may have varying structures and pathways.At the same time it has established core standers for accrediting teacher quality and taking efforts in the field of teacher development as well as teaching conditions.These are valuable experiences for us.