饮食调控或牙面清洁预防正畸患者牙釉质脱矿的临床研究

Diet control or teeth cleaning to prevent tooth demineralization in orthodontic treatment

目的探讨调控饮食结构和定期牙面清洁预防正畸患者牙釉质脱矿的效果。方法选择接受固定矫治的患者247例,分为3组,饮食调控组81例,由家长监督患者每天的食物种类,尽量不吃或少吃含糖食物;牙面清洁组83例,每次复诊对牙面进行专业清洗、抛光;对照组83例,仅接受正常的口腔卫生健康宣教、指导。观察正畸患者治疗前后上下颌前牙釉质脱矿情况,计算各组前牙釉质脱矿程度(以釉质脱矿指数表示)和釉质脱矿发生率。结果矫治前3组患者上下颌前牙釉质脱矿的发生率和脱矿程度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。矫治后分别对饮食调控组和专业清洁组与对照组患者上下颌前牙牙釉质脱矿的发生率进行比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);矫治后饮食调控组、牙面清洁组和对照组前牙平均釉质脱矿指数分别为0.078、0.109和0.178,饮食调控组和牙面清洁组分别与对照组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论调控饮食结构和定期牙面清洁预防正畸牙釉质脱矿是有效和可行的。

Objective This article aims at investigating the role of diet control and regular professional cleaning in the prevention of tooth surface enamel demineralization in orthodontic role.Methods Two hundred and forty-seven patients treated with fixed appliance were randomly selected and divided into three groups,with 81 cases in diet control group and 83 cases each in professional teeth cleaning group and control group.Before and after orthodontic treatment,demineralization of enamel lesions in incisors and canines were calculated.Results There was no significant difference of enamel demineralization among three groups（P0.05）.The average enamel demineralization index（EDI） in diet control group and professional cleaning group were 0.078 and 0.109,which were significantly lower that that in control groups（EDI=0.178,P0.05）.Conclusion Diet control and regular professional cleaning teeth is effective and feasible in prevention of enamel demineralization in orthodontics.