知识是何以可能的:康德的论证及其意义

Kant's Demonstration of the Possibility of Knowledge and the Significance of It

康德认为进行认识活动的主体自身具有一整套认识形式,它们在经验之先并且作为经验的条件存在于认识主体之中,并对先天直观杂多进行综合整理,这种先天的认识能力康德称之为"范畴"。感性的作用是接受经验质料,知性的作用则是对这些经验质料进行综合统一以构成知识。唯独如此,知识才能具有先天性和普遍必然性。

Kant thinks that our cognitive subjects have a priori form of cognition, which is prior to experience and organizes our experiences. It is named ＂Category＂ in Kant＇s theory. The faculty of sensibility is given objects in experience, and the capacity of understanding is to unify or judge of these objects. Only in this way is the knowledge of humans possible.