继发于上呼吸道感染的长期咳嗽患儿肺功能与嗜酸性粒细胞的关系

Relationship between Pulmonary Function and Eosinophils of Children with Prolonged Cough Induced by Upper Respiratory Tract Infection

目的探讨继发于上呼吸道感染(URI)的长期咳嗽患儿肺功能与嗜酸性粒细胞的关系。方法收集24例继发于URI的长期咳嗽患儿作为观察组,用视觉模拟法对其咳嗽程度进行评分,并测定其肺功能,检测外周血及诱导痰的嗜酸性粒细胞(EOS)含量;另收集22例健康儿童作为对照。结果①咳嗽症状评分:长期咳嗽组患儿的VAS评分明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。②肺功能:长期咳嗽组患儿第一秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)及1秒率均低于对照组;支气管激发试验结果显示两组FEV1下降率无统计学差异(P=0.083);支气管舒张试验结果显示观察组FEV1增加率均明显高于对照组;观察组24h内最高呼气流量波动率明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。③EOS检测:观察组外周血及痰液EOS计数及比例明显高于对照组。结论嗜酸性粒细胞浸润是继发于上呼吸道感染长期咳嗽患儿气道的一个重要特征,并且与肺功能受损密切相关。

Objective To explore the relationship between pulmonary function and eosinophils of children with prolonged cough induced by upper respiratory tract infection （URI）. Methods 24 cases of children with prolonged cough induced by upper respiratory tract infection were selected as the observation group to grade the cough degree with a visual analogue method, to measure the pulmonary fimctions and detect the eosinophils （EOS） in peripheral blood and induced sputum; 22 cases of healthy children were selected as the control group. Results （1）Cough symptom score： The visual analogue scale scores in the observation group were significantly higher than that in the control group （P〈0.05）. （2）Pulmonary functions： The forced expiratory volume within 1 second （FEV1） and 1 second rate （FEV1/FVC） in the observation group were lower than that in the control group; the bronchial provocation test （BPT） showed that the descent rate of FEV1 in both groups had no significant difference （P = 0.083）; the bronchial dilation test （BDT） showed that the increasing rate of FEV1in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group; the rate of highest expiratory flow volatility within 24 h in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group （P 〈0.05）. （3） EOS detection： The eosinophils （EOS） in peripheral blood and induced sputum in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group. Conclusion Eosinophil infiltration is an important characteristic of airway in children with prolonged cough induced by upper respiratory tract infection, which is closely related to lung function damage.