论唐前赋得诗的特点、地位和影响

The Characteristics,Status and Influence of Pre-Tang Fu De Poetry

赋得诗是随着南朝文人即席分题赋诗的出现而产生的诗歌新类别。在命题上,唐前赋得诗一般采用"赋……得……诗"、"……赋得……诗"、"赋得……诗"的形式。在题材上,唐前赋得诗主要指向咏物、咏诗、咏史、赠别。在形式上,唐前赋得诗主要是五言四韵,至于七言、杂言的赋得诗,四韵以外的赋得诗,都很少;绝大多数押平声韵,押仄声韵和换韵的情况比较少见;分韵赋诗和题中用韵的情况也已经出现。唐前赋得诗创作推动了南朝永明体、宫体和以陈后主为首的三个诗歌创作群体的形成,对南朝诗歌不断追求"新变"产生了影响,推动了齐梁以后诗歌题材的大发展,也使齐梁诗歌诗体短小、精雕细刻、讲究四声、语言绮艳的特点进一步固化。

Fu De poem is a category of poetry newly coming into being during Yongming Period in Nan Dynasty as a result of literati＇s impromptu chanting songs on different subjects. The title formats of Pre-Tang Fu De poem include Fu...De...Poem, ...Fu De...Poem, Fu De...Poem, all meaninga Fu De poem on...The subjects of Pre-Tang Fu De poetry are mainly chanting things, rymes, Yue Fu, and parting feelings. The meters of PreTang Fu De poem are typically Wu Yan Si Yun, Qi Yan, and Za Yan, with Wu Yan Si Yun as the majority. As for their rhymes, most have a Ping tonal rhyme, while Ze tonal rhyme and rhyme shifts are rare. Poem composition with shared rhyme and rhyming in the title also appeared during that time. The works of Pre-Tang Fu De poetry promoted the establishments of the three representative poem groups of Nan Chao Yong Ming style, court style, and Chen Hou Zhu style, all of which exerted far-reaching influence on the pursuit of initiative new chan- ges of Nan Tang Poetry. They also contributed to the great progress of poetry after Qi and Liang dynasties by making it a feature for Qi-Liang poetry to be short in verse style, accurate and elegant in meaning, highly refined in prosody, beautiful and gorgeous in language, and etc.