肇东苜蓿与三种国外引进苜蓿品种间杂交的初步研究

Preliminary Study on Intervarietal Hybridization of Medicago sativa L.cv.Zhaodong and Three Introduced Abroad Alfalfa

黑龙江属高纬高寒地区,培育高产、抗寒、适应性强的品种成为紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa L.)育种的首要目标,采用常规杂交方法对抗寒性、适应性强的地方品种肇东苜蓿(Medicago sativa L.cv.Zhaodong)和国外引进的3种高产苜蓿:美国苜蓿WL323、保加利亚苜蓿Pleven6、俄罗斯苜蓿Beza87分别进行正反品种间杂交,利用离体萌发法对杂交亲本的花粉活性进行检测,以及杂交结荚率等数据进行统计分析。结果表明:父、母本对结荚率影响显著,不同杂交组合结荚率差异极显著,肇东苜蓿与WL323正反交的结荚率高于其它杂交组合,为苜蓿杂交育种亲本选配奠定基础,同时为苜蓿杂交新品种的选育提供了基础材料。

Heilongjiang is a high-latitude alpine regions,so breeding high-yield,cold resistant and adaptable Medicago sativa L.varieties become the primary breeding goal.The reciprocal intervarietal hybridizations between local variety Medicago sativa L.cv.Zhaodong of cold hardiness and adaptability and three abroad varieties of alfalfa of high yield were undertaken using conventional hybridization methods.Three abroad varieties of alfalfa included WL323 introducing from the USA,Pleven6 introducing from Bulgarian and Beza87 introducing from Russian.Meantime,pollen activities were detected by the method of in vitro germination,and pod bearing rates were investigated and analyzed.The results showed that：there were significant differences in pod bearing rate among male and female parents,and extremely significant differences existed among cross combination.The highest pod bearing rate of reciprocal cross was between Medicago sativa L.cv.Zhangdong and WL323,which laid the foundation of parent selection in cross breeding of alfalfa and provided the basis material for breeding new varieties.