高追肥比例条件下施氮量对烤烟氮素吸收利用的影响

Effects of Different Nitrogen Level on Nitrogen Absorption and Utilization of Flue-cured Tobacco under the High Proportion of Top Dressing

采用大田小区试验,探讨了基追比为3∶7条件下不同化学施氮量对烤烟氮素吸收利用的影响。结果表明:经过一个生长季之后48.00,108.00,168.00 kg/hm2的不同化学氮处理均不能显著地促进土壤氮素积累;传统施氮量(108.00 kg/hm2)、高化学氮施用量(168.00 kg/hm2)处理显著促进了烤烟的氮素吸收,烤烟产量分别较不施化学氮处理增加43.14%,49.25%,并显著地提高了烤烟产值(P<0.05),试验供氮范围内增施氮对降低烤烟氮肥利用率和氮素农学利用率的效应不明显(P>0.05);增施氮有降低烤烟总糖、还原糖含量和提高烟碱含量的趋势但不显著,试验供氮范围内烤烟糖碱比皆在在合理范围。在广东南雄烟区,在70%化学氮作追施时,108.00 kg/hm2的化学氮施用量可有效满足烤烟产量和质量要求。

A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of nitrogen rate on nitrogen absorption and utilization of flue-cured tobacco under the dressing ratio of 3： 7. The results showed that, the increasing of nitrogen application in the range of 48 - 168 kg/hm2 was not led to soil nitrogen accu- mulation evidently after a growing season; By comparison with the treatment without artificial nitrogen fertilization, traditional chemical nitrogen rate （108.00 kg/ hm2）, high chemical nitrogen rate （ 168.00 kg/hm2 ） treatments significantly promoted the nitrogen uptake of tobacco, the yield of tobac- co with nitrogen application at 108.00 kg/hm2 and 168.00 kg/hm2 was increased by 43.14 % and 49.25 % , tobacco output value could be promoted significantly （ P 〈 0.05 ） , but there was no significant difference in the decreasing of tobacco nitrogen use efficiency and tobacco nitrogen agronomic efficiency from the increased of artificial nitrogen under 70 % of fertilizer applied as top dressing. Tobacco sugar, reducing sugar content showed downtrend along with the increased application of chemical nitrogen and tobacco nicotone was opposite , but not significant, the sensory quality of flue-cured tobacco was not be affected significantly by the enrichment of artificial nitrogen fertilizer in the range of 48 - 168 kg/hm2. From this study, it was suggested that 108.00 kg/hm2 chemical nitrogen fertilizer can effectively meet the flue-cured tobacco yield and quality demand under 70% of nitrogen fertilizer a plied as top dressing in Nanxiong tobacco area.