海拔5000m以上驻防官兵慢性高原病患病情况调查

Incidence of chronic mountain sickness in soldiers garrisoned at 5,000 m above sea level

目的了解喀喇昆仑山海拔5000 m以上驻防官兵慢性高原病(CMS)发病情况,为制定针对性防治措施提供依据。方法依据CMS青海标准,对喀喇昆仑山驻防1年的223名官兵进行健康检查,并与2005年的调查结果进行比较分析。结果 223名官兵中,45人患有CMS,患病率为20.2%。其中海拔5380 m组、5200 m组、5100 m组CMS患病率分别为29.6%、35.2%、30.8%,显著高于海拔4300 m组(4.1%)和海拔3700 m组(7.4%)(P<0.05或P<0.01);海拔5380 m组、5200 m组、5100 m组血红蛋白含量分别为(196.7±21.0)g/L、(200.0±18.1)g/L、(197.6±17.1)g/L,也显著高于海拔4300 m组(180.1±15.2)g/L和海拔3700 m组(183.6±17.2)g/L(P<0.01)。本次调查CMS患病率较2005年明显降低,其中海拔5380 m组由85.7%下降至29.6%,海拔4300 m组由43.5%下降至4.1%(P<0.01)。结论喀喇昆仑山驻防官兵CMS患病情况较5年前明显改善,但海拔5000 m以上驻防官兵的健康保护问题仍需重点研究。

Objective To investigate the incidence of chronic mountain sickness（CMS）in soldiers garrisoned in Karakorum Mountains at the altitude of over 5,000 m,and to provide evidence for making preventative measures.Methods According to Qing Hai diagnostic standards of CMS,223 soldiers garrisoned in Karakorum Mountains for 1 year received health examination.The examination results were compared with the results investigated in 2005.Results Among the 223 soldiers,45 ones were diagnosed CMS,and the incidence was 20.2%.The CMS incidence of 5,380 m group,5,200 m group and 5,100 m group was 29.6%,35.2% and 30.8%,respectively,and they were significantly higher than those of 4,300 m group（4.1%）and 3,700 m group（7.4%）（P0.05 or P0.01）.The hemoglobin content of 5,380 m group,5,200 m group and 5,100 m group was（196.7±21.0）g/L,（200.0±18.1）g/L and（197.6±17.1）g/L,respectively,and they were also significantly higher than those of 4,300 m group（180.1±15.2）g/L and 3,700 m group（183.6±17.2）g/L（P0.01）.Compared with the investigated results 5 years ago,the incidence of CMS decreased significantly in this research,in which the rate of 5,380 m group decreased from 85.7% to 29.6% and 4,300 m group decreased from 43.5% to 4.1%（P0.01）.Conclusion Compared with 5 years ago,the general health of soldiers garrisoned in Karakorum Mountains improved significantly.However,the research on healthy protection of soldiers at the altitude above 5,000 m should be paid great attention.