1McClave SA, DeMeo MT, DeLegge MH, et al. North American Summit on Aspiration in the Critically ill Patient: consensus statement. J Parenter Enteral Nutr,2002,26 : S80-S85.
2Shariatzadeh MR, Huang JQ, Marrie TJ. Differences in the features of aspiration pneumonia according to site of acquisition:community or continuing care facility. J Am Geriatr Soc,2006,54:296-302.
3Schaller BJ,Graf R, Jacobs AH. Pathophysiological changes of the gastrointestinal tract in ischemic stroke. Am J Gasroenterol,2006, 101 : 1655-1665.
4Doggett DL, Tappe KA, Mitchell MD, et al. Prevention of pneumonia in elderly stroke patients by systematic diagnosis and treatment of dysphagia:an evidence-based comprehensive analysis of the literature. Dysphagia,2001,16:279-295.
5Teramoto S,Yamamoto H, Yamaguchi Y, et al. A novel diagnostic test for the risk of aspiration pneumonia in the elderly. Chest,2004, 125:801-802.
6Pikus L,Levine MS, Yang YX, et al. Videofluoroscopic studies of swallowing dysfunction and the relative risk of pneumonia. Am J Roentgenol, 2003,180 : 1613-1616.
7Terre R, Mearin F. Oropharyngeal dysphagia after the acute phase of stroke : predictors of aspiration. Neurogastroenterol Motil, 2006, 18 : 200-205.
8Martino R, Foley N, Bhogal S, et al. Dysphagia after stroke incidence, diagnosis, and pulmonary complications. Stroke, 2005, 36:2756-2763.
9Nakajoh K, Nakagawa T, Sekizawa K, et al. Relation between incidence of pneumonia and protective reflexes in post-stroke patients with oral or tube feeding. J Intern Med,2000,247:39-42.
10Katsumata U,Sekizawa K,Ebihara T, et al. Aging effects on cough reflex. Chest, 1995,107:290-291.