国家精品课程项目:利用开放教育资源提升本科教学质量被引量：18

The China's National Quality Course Plan:Using Open Educational Resources to Promote Quality in Undergraduate Teaching

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摘要国家精品课程项目是中国高等教育领域的一项重大项目,旨在通过开放教育资源建设提升本科教学质量。西方研究者普遍认为,国家精品课程是受美国麻省理工学院开放课件项目(简称MIT OCW)启发的一种开放课程形式。本文以中国国家精品课程项目为研究主题,围绕项目的目标、运作实施、发展历程、启动背景、与MIT OCW的联系和差异等问题,采用文献研究、正式访谈、非正式交流等研究方法收集和分析研究资料,聚焦研究问题。论文提出基于开放教育资源的目的进行分类,将开放教育资源实践模式分为转变性的建设、直接使用、重新使用和公开/咨询四种类型,并利用这一分析框架讨论了中国国家精品课程项目和MIT OCW项目的异同。文章认为,国家精品课程项目是中国独立应对国内挑战的决策,而不是引进的开放课程模式;中国和北美地区对大学教学的认识非常不同,中国高等教育既借鉴了历史上法国重教学和德国重研究的大学模式,又结合了利用"榜样"、注重团队建设提升质量的传统。这使得国家精品课程项目具有独特的体制优势,与其他开放教育资源项目相区别,而且难以在北美地区执行,但这也有助于启发我们重新思考北美的大学教学及其改革。 China＇s National Quality Course Project is a large-scale project in its higher education.The project taps into Open Educational Resources（OER） to improve the quality of undergraduate education.From the western perspective,this project is one type of Open Courseware inspired by the MIT OCW movement.In this article,the authors focus on the targets,operational implementation,history,background,the similarities and differences between the MIT OCW and China＇s National Quality Course Project.It will be useful to think of the development of Open Educational Resources（OER） as a way to fulfill four broad objectives： transformative production,direct use,reuse,and transparency/consultation.China＇s National Quality Course Project is a response to the domestic challenges of independent decision-making,rather than the introduction of the OCW or OER model.China and North America＇s understanding of university teaching is very different.China＇s higher education system learns from the research university model from France and Germany.In addition,it emphasizes the use of ＂examples＂,focusing on team building to enhance its quality and tradition.This makes Quality Course a unique institutional advantages,and other open educational resources projects to distinguish,and difficult to perform in North America,but also help inspire us to rethink the reform of university teaching in North America.

作者侯爽王龙

机构地区多伦多大学安大略教育研究院中国人民公安大学教务处

出处《开放教育研究》 CSSCI 北大核心 2012年第1期124-132,共9页 Open Education Research

关键词国家精品课程项目开放教育资源麻省理工学院开放课件项目 China＇s National Quality Course Project Open Educational Resources MIT OCW

分类号 G642 [文化科学—高等教育学]

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