农村地区中学生自行车伤害危险因素病例对照研究

Risk factors of bicycle traffic injury among middle school students in rural China: a case-control study

目的探讨农村地区中学生自行车伤害发生的危险因素,为农村地区中学生自行车伤害的预防控制工作提供科学依据。方法采用分层整群抽样方法,应用自填式问卷调查方式,对潮汕两英镇地区6所中学的3 708名中学生的自行车伤害发生情况进行调查。对筛选出的502例伤害病例,根据同学校、同年级、同性别的原则,在骑乘自行车上下学而未发生自行车伤害的学生中,按照1∶3匹配,采用病例对照研究方法进行相关因素的Logistic回归分析。结果骑车者搭扶其他车辆（OR=1.603,95%CI=1.174~2.189）、骑车者骑车带人（OR=1.395,95%CI=1.119~1.746）、乘坐自行车时搭扶其他车辆（OR=1.776,95%CI=1.356~2.327）、乘坐自行车时与骑车者打闹（OR=1.594,95%CI=1.202~2.117）、父亲在外工作或经商（OR=1.500,95%CI=1.194~1.885）、家庭人均年收入低于5 000元（OR=3.320,95%CI=1.979~5.570）为农村地区中学生自行车伤害发生的危险因素。而家庭人均年收入高于5 000元（OR=0.257,95%CI=0.076~0.719）为保护因素。结论中学生自身不良的骑车行为、父亲在外和家庭经济水平低是影响农村地区中学生自行车伤害的危险因素。

Objective To explore risk factors of bicycle traffic injury among middle school students in rural China and to provide guide for control and prevention of bicycle traffic injury.Methods Using stratified cluster sampling method,3 708 students in 6 middle schools of Liangying Township in Chaoshan region were included in the research.A 1∶3 individual matching case-control study was conducted among 502 bicycle traffic injuries and 1 506 healthy controls in Chaoshan region.Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were performed.Results Riders contact other vehicles（OR=1.603,95% CI=1.174～2.189）,riders take other people（OR=1.395,95% CI=1.119～1.746）,people who sit bikes contact other vehicles（OR=1.776,95% CI=1.356～2.327）,people who sit bikes play with the riders（OR=1.594,95% CI=1.202～2.117）,father work outside or business（OR=1.500,95% CI=1.194～1.885）,family per capita annual income less than 5 000 Yuan（OR=3.320,95% CI=1.979～5.570） increased the risk of bicycle traffic injury.Family per capita annual income more than 5 000 Yuan was shown to be a protective factor（OR=0.257,95% CI=0.076～0.719）.Conclusions Bad cycling behavior and family economic level were major risk factors of bicycle injury among middle school students in rural China.