相遇:马勒伯朗士与儒家的对话

Malebranche's Attempt for the Dialogue Between Christianity and Confucianism

马勒伯朗士的《一位基督教哲学家与一位中国哲学家关于上帝存在和性质的对话录》着力捍卫基督教神学,借着对朱熹学说的"无神论"式解读来阐发自己的思想,从而与斯宾诺莎"自然神论"划清界限。庞景仁曾对马勒伯朗士的"神"的观念和朱熹的"理"的观念进行比较,发现两个范畴存在着深刻的相似性,认为马勒伯朗士的批评主要是基于文本的误读,以及其站在神学立场对儒家文化的质疑。在此基础上,试图从庞先生的"朱熹的‘理'具有人格神的特征"这一结论出发,返回到马勒伯朗士和儒家"相遇"的语境中,探讨马勒伯朗士与儒学的对话情境中其"上帝的观念"这一核心立场,从而理解一种异质文化对儒家学说批评的合理向度。

Malebranche wrote his Entretien d＇un philosophe chretien et d＇un philosophe chinois sur I＇existence et la nature de Dieu based on the Complete Works of Chu Hsi,translated into French by Societe des Missions Etrangeres de Paris.In this book,Malebranche strongly defended the Christian theology and illustrated his own idea by interpreting Chu Hsi＇s atheism and thus differentiated it from Spinoza＇s deism.Pang Ching-jen compared Malebranche＇s concept of God with Chu Hsi＇s idea of Li and found that there are profound similarities between these two,and that Malebranche＇s criticism is mainly based on his misunderstanding of the text and on his Christian perspective.This paper,starting with Chu Hsi＇s conclusion,which asserts that Li is a personified God,and going on to the context where Malebranche confronts Confucianism,attempts to investigate the the core position of the Idea of God,the keypoint in the communication between Malebranche and Confucianism,in order to shed some light on the rationality of Malebranche＇s criticism of Confucianism.