商鞅变法与传统中国平民政治模式的建立

Shang Yang's Political Reform and the Establishment of the Traditional Chinese Civilian Politics Mode

商鞅变法的本质在于建立一种与"封建"贵族政制完全不同的、以军功和法制为核心的新型平民政治体制模式:王的权威至高无上;王以下的全体国民则在等级差序的设计中,给予平等的升赏机会和同样的惩罚手段;建功立业不再是"肉食者谋之",一介平民可跻身为将相,这是中国传统国家社会政治模式的重大变革。这一模式的形成,并通过秦帝国的统一推向全国,奠定了两千年中国传统政治模式的基本格局。

Totally different with the ＂feudal＂ noble political system, the essence of the Shang Yang＇s Political Reform is to estzblish a civilian politics mode with the military exploit and legal system as the core, which is a significant political reform of the traditional Chinese society. The king has supreme authority while all the citizens were given equal opportunities and same punishment in the hierarchical different design. Making contributions is no longer the privilege of ＂predators＂ while the common people also have the right to ascend as the military and political leaders. The formation of this mode and the spread of it over the whole country through the unity of Qin Empire have established two thousand years＇ basic traditional Chinese political system.