基于空间距离法的区域人类发展指数

The Regional Human Development Index Based on Spatial Distance Method

越来越多的学者和政策机构用人类发展指数(HDI)监控和分析国家区域政策的实施力度和效果。鉴于区域差距的相对性以及HDI本身存在的缺陷,将其用于区域内部人类发展差距的分析时必然有着不可避免的局限性。本文借鉴空间距离法的核心思想,对HDI进行方法上的改进,提出了区域人类发展指数(RHDI)。RHDI能够计算出一个区域与全国水平最小值之间和与目标值之间的客观差距,不但提高了HDI的技术质量,而且可以准确透视中国人类发展的区域不平衡和不协调问题。通过对HDI与RHDI的全面对比分析,对中国各个地区的人类发展状况及差距给出了一个更准确的刻画。

More and more scholars and policy institutions regard the Human Development Index （HD1） as a tool to monitor and analyze the implementation effects of regional policies. Because of the relativity of regional disparities and the HDI inherent defects, the application of HDI in the analysis of regional disparities must have inevitable limitations. Drawing on the core ideas of spatial distance method, this paper makes methodological improvements on the HDI and proposes Regional Human Development Index （RHDI）. RHDI can calculate the objective gap of a region with the national minimum level and target level, which not only improves the technical quality of HDI, but also has accurate perspectives on regional imbalance and ineoordination problems of human development in China. By empirical comparative analysis of HDI and RHDI, the paper gives a more accurate characterization for all the states and the gap of human development in different regions in China.