贵阳市水文地质条件及环境效应研究

Study on Hydrogeological Condition and Environmental Effects in Guiyang City

为了查明水文地质条件以及产生的各种环境效应,通过野外调查贵阳市环境地质背景,分析了研究区的水文地质条件,对各含水岩组的富水性进行评价,同时根据研究区地层植被发育情况、地下水环境监测数据、具体工程实例和近3a的地下水水质检测等资料,运用空间信息统计方法,探讨了水文地质条件下产生的城市生态环境效应、环境水文地质效应、环境工程地质效应、地下水环境污染效应。取得的主要结果有:①贵阳市地表水、地下水丰富,地下水以岩溶水为主,其次为基岩裂隙水;②贵阳市形成宽1～7km,长逾70km的环城林带,为贵阳市提供了良好的生态环境条件;③由于大量开采地下水资源,在和尚坡、三桥地段形成降落漏斗群,破坏水文地质结构,产生环境水文地质效应;④在工程建设中抽排地下水产生地面开裂、地表塌陷等环境工程地质效应;⑤由于工业废水和人类生活污水的排放,使地下水环境在不同程度上受到了污染,产生水环境污染效应。该研究结论可为贵阳市城市环境的保护和可持续发展提供依据。

Hydrogeological conditions are complex.In order to identify the hydrogeological conditions and a variety of environmental effects,we present the study on hydrogelogical condition and environmental effects in Guiyang City,based on field survey and the environmental geology background.According to the investigation,we evaluated the quantity of water in the water-rich rock groups.Other investigations on ground vegetation growth conditions,groundwater monitoring data,specific examples of projects and groundwater quality testing in recent 3 years in this city were carried out.Then,using statistical methods of spatial information,we analyzed environmental effects as results of the hydrogeological conditions,including urban eco-environmental effects,environmental hydrogeological effects,environmental engineering geological effects and environmental pollution of groundwater.The main conclusions were drawn as following： surface water and groundwater were rich in Guiyang City.Karst water was the main groundwater type.There was a forest belt around Guiyang City.It was 1～7 km wide and more than 70 km long.It provided good eco-environmental conditions for Guiyang City.Because a lot of exploitation of groundwater resources,hydro-geological structure was destructed,and cone of depression groups had formed at Sanqiao and Heshangpo in Guiyang City.Environmental engineering geological effects were caused by pumping groundwater in construction,such as ground carcking,surface subsidence.The groundwater environment has been polluted by industrial wastewater and human sewage discharge.The effects of groundwater environmental pollution were caused.Those results can provide basic information for environmental protection and sustainable development of Guiyang City.