磨料水射流对金属材料去除力和去除模型的研究

Research of removing force and removing model of the abrasive water jet on metal material

磨料水射流抛光技术作为一种新型技术,广泛应用于表面抛光加工作业中,利用含有细小磨料粒子的抛光液在高压作用下,与工件表面发生冲击、冲蚀而去除材料,以达到抛光目的。采用单颗粒磨料粒子使材料产生塑性变形模型来研究磨料水射流对金属材料的去除力,通过对纯水射流冲击材料的作用力和射流中磨料射流对材料的作用力以及接触应力的理论推导,得出磨料射流中轴线上磨料颗粒去除金属材料最大打击力和最大剪应力以及最大拉应力;通过建立伯努利方程,得到射流压力与金属材料的剪切力和拉应力的直接关系,为工程上磨料水射流抛光喷嘴设计和泵压选择提供了理论参考依据。

Polishing technique of abrasive water jet （AWJ）is a new process which can be widely ap- plied to surface polishing,in which high pressure polishing fluid containing the tiny abrasive granules is ap- plied to eliminate the material by impacting and flushing on the surface of work-piece for polishing pur- pase.The removing force of the abrasive water jet upon the metal material was studied by adopting plastic deformation model of materials caused by single particle abrasive granule to gain the removal of maximum strike force ,shear stress and tension stress of the granules of the middle axis on the material under the abrasive water jet （AWJ）,through the theoretical Calculation of the impact force of the pure water jet and the abrasive granules to the work-piece and the contact stress.Through the bernoulli equation, the direct re-lation of AWJ pressure ,shear stress and tension stress is obtained,which provide theoretical basis for the nozzle design and the choice of pump.