超声振动切削刀具设计

Design of the ultrasonic vibration cutting tool

介绍频率40kHz,振幅在(10～35)μm范围可调的振动刀具的设计过程,该刀具选用通用信号发生器作为超声波信号源,对其(0～5)V正弦电压信号进行放大,输出幅值(0～350)V用于激励压电换能器,将超声电振荡转换成机械振动,对振动信号再经变幅杆机械放大,使刀具振动幅值达到(10～25)μm以上进行切削。利用该刀具切削工件的精度和表面粗糙度达到精密切削的效果,并且已进行了天然金刚石精细切削不锈钢零件的实验,切削后的刀具磨损量明显降低。

The designp rocedure of avibration cutting tool, whose frequency is at 40kHz and the am-plitude of vibration can be adjusted between （10~35）μm,is introduced.The general signal generator hasbeen adopted as the ultrasonic signal source of the cutting tool.The sinusoidal signal within the range of（0~5）V was amplified to produce the signal within the range of （0~350）V which was then used in the excita-tion of the piezoelectric ultrasonic transducers.The ultrasonic vibration was transferred into mechanical vi-bration.In the next step,the vibration signal was amplified mechanically through the horn to generate a vi-bration range of（10~25）μm for the cutting tool.By the use of this tool,the precision and surface roughnessof the cuttings can reach the degree of high precision machining,This tool has been applied in the experi-ment of the cutting of stainless steel parts with natural diamond.The experiment reveals that the wearinesshas been remarkably reduced.